BGP documented.

This commit is contained in:
Martin Mares 2000-06-04 17:06:18 +00:00
parent 3560cf8e0b
commit 54e55169da
4 changed files with 163 additions and 0 deletions

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@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
S bgp.c
S packets.c
S attrs.c

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@ -170,6 +170,17 @@ bgp_attach_attr(ea_list **to, struct linpool *pool, unsigned attr, unsigned val)
return bgp_set_attr(a->attrs, pool, attr, val); return bgp_set_attr(a->attrs, pool, attr, val);
} }
/**
* bgp_encode_attrs - encode BGP attributes
* @w: buffer
* @attrs: a list of extended attributes
* @remains: remaining space in the buffer
*
* The bgp_encode_attrs() function takes a list of extended attributes
* and converts it to its BGP representation (a part of an Update message).
*
* Result: Length of the attribute block generated.
*/
unsigned int unsigned int
bgp_encode_attrs(byte *w, ea_list *attrs, int remains) bgp_encode_attrs(byte *w, ea_list *attrs, int remains)
{ {
@ -715,6 +726,18 @@ bgp_path_loopy(struct bgp_proto *p, eattr *a)
return 0; return 0;
} }
/**
* bgp_decode_attrs - check and decode BGP attributes
* @conn: connection
* @attr: start of attribute block
* @len: length of attribute block
* @pool: linear pool to make all the allocations in
* @mandatory: 1 iff presence of mandatory attributes has to be checked
*
* This function takes a BGP attribute block (a part of an Update message), checks
* its consistency and converts it to a list of BIRD route attributes represented
* by a &rta.
*/
struct rta * struct rta *
bgp_decode_attrs(struct bgp_conn *conn, byte *attr, unsigned int len, struct linpool *pool, int mandatory) bgp_decode_attrs(struct bgp_conn *conn, byte *attr, unsigned int len, struct linpool *pool, int mandatory)
{ {

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@ -6,6 +6,53 @@
* Can be freely distributed and used under the terms of the GNU GPL. * Can be freely distributed and used under the terms of the GNU GPL.
*/ */
/**
* DOC: Border Gateway Protocol
*
* The BGP protocol is implemented in three parts: |bgp.c| which takes care of the
* connection and most of the interface with BIRD core, |packets.c| handling
* both incoming and outgoing BGP packets and |attrs.c| containing functions for
* manipulation with BGP attribute lists.
*
* As opposed to the other existing routing daemons, BIRD has a sophisticated core
* architecture which is able to keep all the information needed by BGP in the
* primary routing table, therefore no complex data structures like a central
* BGP table are needed. This increases memory footprint of a BGP router with
* many connections, but not too much and, which is more important, it makes
* BGP much easier to implement.
*
* Each instance of BGP (corresponding to one BGP peer) is described by a &bgp_proto
* structure to which are attached individual connections represented by &bgp_connection
* (usually, there exists only one connection, but during BGP session setup, there
* can be more of them). The connections are handled according to the BGP state machine
* defined in the RFC with all the timers and all the parameters configurable.
*
* In incoming direction, we listen on the connection's socket and each time we receive
* some input, we pass it to bgp_rx(). It decodes packet headers and the markers and
* passes complete packets to bgp_rx_packet() which distributes the packet according
* to its type.
*
* In outgoing direction, we gather all the routing updates and sort them to buckets
* (&bgp_bucket) according to their attributes (we keep a hash table for fast comparison
* of &rta's and a &fib which helps us to find if we already have another route for
* the same destination queued for sending, so that we can replace it with the new one
* immediately instead of sending both updates). There also exists a special bucket holding
* all the route withdrawals which cannot be queued anywhere else as they don't have any
* attributes. If we have any packet to send (due to either new routes or the connection
* tracking code wanting to send a Open, KeepAlive or Notification message), we call
* bgp_schedule_packet() which sets the corresponding bit in a @packet_to_send
* bit field in &bgp_conn and as soon as the transmit socket buffer becomes empty,
* we call bgp_fire_tx(). It inspects state of all the packet type bits and calls
* the corresponding bgp_create_xx() functions, eventually rescheduling the same packet
* type if we have more data of the same type to send.
*
* The processing of attributes consists of two functions: bgp_decode_attrs() for checking
* of the attribute blocks and translating them to the language of BIRD's extended attributes
* and bgp_encode_attrs() which does the converse. Both functions are built around a
* @bgp_attr_table array describing all important characteristics of all known attributes.
* Unknown transitive attributes are attached to the route as %EAF_TYPE_OPAQUE byte streams.
*/
#undef LOCAL_DEBUG #undef LOCAL_DEBUG
#include "nest/bird.h" #include "nest/bird.h"
@ -42,6 +89,15 @@ bgp_close(struct bgp_proto *p)
} }
} }
/**
* bgp_start_timer - start a BGP timer
* @t: timer
* @value: time to fire (0 to disable the timer)
*
* This functions calls tm_start() on @t with time @value and the
* amount of randomization suggested by the BGP standard. Please use
* it for all BGP timers.
*/
void void
bgp_start_timer(timer *t, int value) bgp_start_timer(timer *t, int value)
{ {
@ -55,6 +111,19 @@ bgp_start_timer(timer *t, int value)
tm_stop(t); tm_stop(t);
} }
/**
* bgp_close_conn - close a BGP connection
* @conn: connection to close
*
* This function takes a connection described by the &bgp_conn structure,
* closes its socket and frees all resources associated with it.
*
* If the connection is being closed due to a protocol error, adjust
* the connection restart timer as well according to the error recovery
* policy set in the configuration.
*
* If the connection was marked as primary, it shuts down the protocol as well.
*/
void void
bgp_close_conn(struct bgp_conn *conn) bgp_close_conn(struct bgp_conn *conn)
{ {
@ -231,6 +300,14 @@ bgp_setup_sk(struct bgp_proto *p, struct bgp_conn *conn, sock *s)
conn->sk = s; conn->sk = s;
} }
/**
* bgp_connect - initiate an outgoing connection
* @p: BGP instance
*
* The bgp_connect() function creates a new &bgp_conn and initiates
* a TCP connection to the peer. The rest of connection setup is governed
* by the BGP state machine as described in the standard.
*/
static void static void
bgp_connect(struct bgp_proto *p) /* Enter Connect state and start establishing connection */ bgp_connect(struct bgp_proto *p) /* Enter Connect state and start establishing connection */
{ {
@ -279,6 +356,18 @@ bgp_initiate(struct bgp_proto *p)
bgp_connect(p); bgp_connect(p);
} }
/**
* bgp_incoming_connection - handle an incoming connection
* @sk: TCP socket
* @dummy: unused
*
* This function serves as a socket hook for accepting of new BGP
* connections. It searches a BGP instance corresponding to the peer
* which has connected and if such an instance exists, it creates a
* &bgp_conn structure, attaches it to the instance and either sends
* an Open message or (if there already is an active connection) it
* closes the new connection by sending a Notification message.
*/
static int static int
bgp_incoming_connection(sock *sk, int dummy) bgp_incoming_connection(sock *sk, int dummy)
{ {
@ -473,6 +562,18 @@ bgp_init(struct proto_config *C)
return P; return P;
} }
/**
* bgp_error - report a protocol error
* @c: connection
* @code: error code (according to the RFC)
* @subcode: error subcode
* @data: data to be passed in the Notification message
* @len: length of the data
*
* bgp_error() sends a notification packet to tell the other side that a protocol
* error has occured (including the data considered erroneous if possible) and
* closes the connection.
*/
void void
bgp_error(struct bgp_conn *c, unsigned code, unsigned subcode, byte *data, int len) bgp_error(struct bgp_conn *c, unsigned code, unsigned subcode, byte *data, int len)
{ {

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@ -236,6 +236,16 @@ bgp_create_header(byte *buf, unsigned int len, unsigned int type)
buf[18] = type; buf[18] = type;
} }
/**
* bgp_fire_tx - transmit packets
* @conn: connection
*
* Whenever the transmit buffers of the underlying TCP connection
* are free and we have any packets queued for sending, the socket functions
* call bgp_fire_tx() which takes care of selecting the highest priority packet
* queued (Notification > Keepalive > Open > Update), assembling its header
* and body and sending it to the connection.
*/
static int static int
bgp_fire_tx(struct bgp_conn *conn) bgp_fire_tx(struct bgp_conn *conn)
{ {
@ -295,6 +305,13 @@ bgp_fire_tx(struct bgp_conn *conn)
return sk_send(sk, end - buf); return sk_send(sk, end - buf);
} }
/**
* bgp_schedule_packet - schedule a packet for transmission
* @conn: connection
* @type: packet type
*
* Schedule a packet of type @type to be sent as soon as possible.
*/
void void
bgp_schedule_packet(struct bgp_conn *conn, int type) bgp_schedule_packet(struct bgp_conn *conn, int type)
{ {
@ -770,6 +787,15 @@ bgp_rx_keepalive(struct bgp_conn *conn, byte *pkt, unsigned len)
} }
} }
/**
* bgp_rx_packet - handle a received packet
* @conn: BGP connection
* @pkt: start of the packet
* @len: packet size
*
* bgp_rx_packet() takes a newly received packet and calls the corresponding
* packet handler according to the packet type.
*/
static void static void
bgp_rx_packet(struct bgp_conn *conn, byte *pkt, unsigned len) bgp_rx_packet(struct bgp_conn *conn, byte *pkt, unsigned len)
{ {
@ -784,6 +810,16 @@ bgp_rx_packet(struct bgp_conn *conn, byte *pkt, unsigned len)
} }
} }
/**
* bgp_rx - handle received data
* @sk: socket
* @size: amount of data received
*
* bgp_rx() is called by the socket layer whenever new data arrive from
* the underlying TCP connection. It assembles the data fragments to packets,
* checks their headers and framing and passes complete packets to
* bgp_rx_packet().
*/
int int
bgp_rx(sock *sk, int size) bgp_rx(sock *sk, int size)
{ {